February isnt just the month for cupid and valentines. It is also National Pet Dental Month. Dental disease is the largest single cause of health problems in cats so make a resolution this month to help your feline friend get in tip top dental shape and avoid painful dental disease.

Forms and Causes of Dental Disease

1. Periodontal Disease

Periodontal disease is caused when a buildup of plaque calcifies forming tartar which pushes food debris and bacteria under the gum line infecting the gum and bone structure that support the teeth. Inflamed gums swelling bleeding gums or bad breath are among the symptoms. As in humans periodontal disease is the most common dental disease in cats. Treatment for this disease includes antibiotics dental cleaning and extraction of diseased teeth in advanced cases.

2. Feline Stomatitis

Stomatitis also known as Lymphocytic Plasmacytic Stomatitis (LPS) is a serious and frequently misunderstood condition. It is thought to be an autoimmune disease (the body becomes allergic to plaque around the teeth) and is often found in cats with other autoimmune conditions such as FIV and FeLV. Although not gingivitis it is often found alongside gingivitis. Feline Stomatitis involves inflammation of the mouth which may extend into the throat. Cats with stomatitis suffer a great deal of pain often affecting their eating habits.

3. Feline Odontoclastic Oral Resorption Lesions (FORL)

These painful lesions start as shallow pits that occur in the enamel and dentine of a tooth. Plaque accumulates and the tissue surrounding the affected tooth becomes inflamed. If the condition worsens the pit may extend into the tooth pulp essentially killing the tooth. FORL are diagnosed through oral examination and oral radiographs. Extraction is usually the treatment of choice.

4. Malocclusion

Malocclusion is usually visually evident and can cause difficulty in eating along with subsequent weight loss. Veterinary medicine has come so far that now there are veterinary dentists who specialize in orthodontics.

One final note: Although evidence of pain in eating may be a symptom of feline dental disease it is usually one of the last symptoms. Don't wait until these symptoms present themselves to save your kitty's teeth. If you currently do not practice regular oral care with your cat consult with your veterinarian on the appropriate way to begin a dental routine. With daily brushing regular home examination a well-balanced diet and regular veterinary examination you may never have to witness such evidence of your loved one's suffering.