For the treatment of sulfadimethoxine-sensitive bacterial infections in dogs and cats and bacterial enteritis associated with coccidiosis in dogs.
CAUTION: Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.
INDICATIONS FOR USE: Albon is indicated for the treatment of respiratory genitourinary tract enteric and soft tissue infections in dogs and cats:
tonsillitis
cystitis
pustular dermatitis
bacterial enteritis
pharyngitis
nephritis
anal gland infections
canine salmonellosis
bronchitis
metritis
abscesses
bacterial enteritis associated
pneumonia
pyometra
wound infections
with coccidiosis in dogs
when caused by streptococci staphylococci escherichia salmonella klebsiella proteus or shigella organisms sensitive to sulfadimethoxine.
LIMITATIONS: Sulfadimethoxine is not effective in viral or rickettsial infections and as with any antibacterial agent occasional failures in therapy may occur due to resistant microorganisms. The usual precautions in sulfonamide therapy should be observed.
WARNING: Not for human use.
DESCRIPTION: Albon is a low-dosage rapidly absorbed long-acting sulfonamide effective for the treatment of a wide range of bacterial infections commonly encountered in dogs and cats.
Sulfadimethoxine is a white almost tasteless and odorless compound. Chemically it is N1-(2 6-dimethoxy-4-pyrimidinyl) sulfanilamide. The structural formula is:
ACTIONS: Sulfadimethoxine has been demonstrated clinically or in the laboratory to be effective against a variety of organisms such as streptococci klebsiella proteus shigella staphylococci escherichia and salmonella.1 2 These organisms have been demonstrated in respiratory genitourinary enteric and soft tissue infections of dogs and cats.
The systemic sulfonamides which include sulfadimethoxine are bacteriostatic agents. Sulfonamides competitively inhibit bacterial synthesis of folic acid (pterolyglutamic acid) from para-aminobenzoic acid. Mammalian cells are capable of utilizing folic acid in the presence of sulfonamides.
The tissue distribution of sulfadimethoxine as with all sulfonamides is a function of plasma levels degree of plasma protein binding and subsequent passive distribution in the tissues of the lipid-soluble un-ionized form. The relative amounts are determined by both its pKa and by the pH of each tissue. Therefore levels tend to be higher in less acid tissue and body fluids or those diseased tissues having high concentrations of leucocytes.2
In the dog sulfadimethoxine is not acetylated as in most other animals and it is excreted predominantly as the unchanged drug.3 Sulfadimethoxine has a relatively high solubility at the pH normally occurring in the kidney precluding the possibility of precipitation and crystalluria. Slow renal excretion results from a high degree of tubular reabsorption 4 and plasma protein binding is very high providing a blood reservoir of the drug. Thus sulfadimethoxine maintains higher blood levels than most other long-acting sulfonamides. Single comparatively low doses of Albon give rapid and sustained therapeutic blood levels.1
To assure successful sulfonamide therapy (1) the drug must be given early in the course of the disease and it must produce a high sulfonamide level in the body rapidly after administration (2) therapeutically effective sulfonamide levels must be maintained in the body throughout the treatment period (3) treatment should continue for a short period of time after the clinical signs have disappeared and (4) the causative organisms must be sensitive to this class of drugs.
TOXICITY AND SAFETY: Data regarding acute and chronic toxicities of sulfadimethoxine indicate the drug is very safe. The LD50 in mice is greater than 2 g/kg of body weight when administered intraperitoneally and greater than 16 g/kg when administered orally. In dogs receiving massive single oral doses of 3.2 g/kg of body weight diarrhea was the only adverse effect observed. Dogs given 160 mg/kg of body weight orally daily for 13 weeks showed no signs of toxicity.
PRECAUTION: During treatment period make certain that animals maintain adequate water intake.
If animals show no improvement within 2 or 3 days reevaluate your diagnosis.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION: Initial Dose: 25 mg/lb (55 mg/kg) of animal body weight. Subsequent Daily Doses: 12.5 mg/lb (27.5 mg/kg) of animal body weight.
Albon Oral Suspension 5% Dogs and cats should receive 1 teaspoonful of Albon Oral Suspension 5% per 10 lb of body weight (25 mg/lb or 55 mg/kg) as an initial dose followed by 1/2 teaspoonful per 10 lb of body weight (12.5 mg/lb or 27.5 mg/kg) every 24 hours thereafter. Representative weights and doses are indicated in the following table:
Animal Weight
Initial Dose 25 mg/lb (55 mg/kg)
Subsequent Daily Doses 12.5 mg/lb (27.5 mg/kg)
5 lb (2.2 kg)
1/2 tsp (2 1/2 mL)
1/4 tsp (1 1/4 mL)
10 lb (4.5 kg)
1 tsp (5 mL)
1/2 tsp (2 1/2 mL)
20 lb (9.1 kg)
2 tsp (10 mL)
1 tsp (5 mL)
40 lb (18.2 kg)
4 tsp (20 mL)
2 tsp (10 mL)
80 lb (36.4 kg)
8 tsp (40 mL)
4 tsp (20 mL)
STORAGE: Store at controlled room temperature 15°-30°C (59°-86°C).
HOW SUPPLIED: Albon is available in the following dosage forms for dogs and cats:
Albon Oral Suspension 5%: 2- and 16-oz bottles; each tsp (5 mL) contains 250 mg sulfadimethoxine in a custard-flavored carrier.
Prescription items are NON-RETURNABLE and NON-REFUNDABLE.
